INTRODUCTION

PHILIPPINE EDUCATION: K to 12 Program

A Research Paper Presented to

Mr. Dustin Celestino of the English Resource Center

Asia Pacific College

Magallanes, Makati

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the Course

Research Writing

Dan Allen Pamonag

October 2012

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

A.     Background of a Study

      The Philippine education system pursues the achievement of excellent undergraduates in the elementary and secondary level. The Department of Education pronounces the addition of two more years in the basic education of students, which according to them will benefit not only the Filipino youth but all the Filipino in the Philippines. (Luistro, 2010)

      Filipino parents of the student agrees that k to 12 program must be implemented in the Philippines. The primary object of the k to 12 program is to give improvement in the quality of education, in order that student is graduated from the basic education the student will be ready and be more productive than before.(Kathrine, 2011)

      The basic education in the Philippines is needed to enhance its quality. Research says that most graduate students today are not competent to have a job. They need additional years on focusing basic education in order to be ready for a job.

      As of June 2012, k to 12 program was implemented to those students entered grade 1. They will spend 6 years studying as elementary students, 4 years as junior high schools students, additional 2 years as senior high school students.

      K to 12 program was intended for the students when they graduate they will be ready for the job they will work for. To tell that a country has a poor quality of basic education it will result to a low achievement score. And to increase the achievement score of the Philippines, k to 12 program is the answer.

      Many criticized k to 12 program that it will not help the problem regarding to the basic education of the Philippines. Some said that government only lacks on funds to the academic sectors. Some also said that Philippines are not yet ready.

      Most people only saw the short term solution regarding to the basic education to the Philippines. But some saw the long term solution to solve the problem. And this solution to the problem they called it “K to 12 program”

“We need to add two years to our basic education.  Those who can afford pay up to fourteen years of schooling before university. Thus, their children are getting into the best universities and the best jobs after graduation.  I want at least 12 years for our public school children to give them an even chance at succeeding.”

– President Benigno S. Aquino III

      In this study the researcher intended to find answer regarding that “What will be the effects of k to 12 program that differs from 10 year education program?”

B. Statement of the Problem

This study aims to answer this question:

1. What will be the effects of k to 12 program that differs from 10 year education program?

C. Significance of the Study

Students. This research paper would be useful to students because it will give them an idea what k to 12 really means that it is not just an additional year but there is a modified curriculum. And students will know that k to 12 results to a better quality education to them.

Parents. Knowledge to this study will benefit parents of the students because it will help them to become aware and be ready to the situation that happening to them. They will have an idea what are the benefits and losses of k to 12 program to them.

School. The School will be benefited to this study, because they will know what k to 12 brings to them. And they will understand that there are consequences to the them when k to 12 program is implemented to the school.

Future Researchers.This study will help the future researchers for their reference of the ideas that used in this study that will relate to their studies.

D. Scope and Delimitation

            This study wants to find out the differences between the k to 12 program with the 10 years education program. This study will discuss about issues about K to 12, its advantages, disadvantages, and also the 10 years education program’ advantages and dis advantages.

E. Materials and Methods

            This research paper uses a descriptive method since the researcher aims to describe and to discuss about the k to 12 program and the 10 year education program. The researcher will conduct a survey to students in order to support the result of the study.

            Surveys, articles and newspaper will be researchers’ major instrument in gathering information and used for guidelines in making this study.

F. Definition of Terms

Department of Education. It has the duty in managing and governing the basic education in the Philippines. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Education_(Philippines)

Education. It is the delivery of knowledge, skills, and information from teachers to students. (http://www.teach-kids-attitude-1st.com/definition-of-education.html)

Private Schools.  Are independent schools that are not administered by the local, state or national authorities. This type of school has the right to select their students and to charge their tuition with relying to the required rate of the government.

Public Schools. Are dependent schools that are administered by the local, state or national authorities. And financially supported by the government.

10 years education program. It composes of 6 years in elementary and 4 years in secondary.

K to 12. Kindergarten and the 12 years of elementary and secondary education. Kindergarten points to the 5-year old child who undertakes the standardized curriculum for preschoolers. Elementary education refers to 6 years of primary school (Grades 1-6) while secondary education means four years of junior high school (Grades 7-10 or HS Year 1-4). In addition to this, two years are now allotted for senior high school (Grades 11-12 or HS Year 5-6). (K to 12 DepEdPrimer)

Mother-tongue Education. A literacy program uses the mother tongue for formal education, and this education is the primary medium of local literacy.(http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/referencematerials/glossaryofliteracyterms/whatisamothertongueeducationli.htm )